Sesame Summit 2026 – application open

Seed Funding: How Frst Encourages Risk

blank

This story originally appeared on The French Tech Journal, a twice weekly newsletter by Chris O’Brien covering France’s innovation economy.

Frst in many ways is a typical Seed fund. Which is the point. Co-founded by Bruno Raillard and Pierre Entremont in 2015, the firm aims to replicate in France the classic Seed funding playbook from Silicon Valley. Expanded Seed funding, the duo believes, is essential for allowing more French entrepreneurs to take even bigger risks.

If the firm’s methods are classic, its journey is not. It started at the time as an investment wing of Otium Capital, which had been founded by Pierre-Edouard Stérin, the French entrepreneur known for Smartbox, a gift box service. Stérin started Otium in 2007, and 8 years later developed an itch to back startups.

So he hired Raillard and Entremont to start Otium Ventures. Stérin backed the fund with €40 million and became its sole LP. Raillard said he was intrigued by the prospect because he could see the French ecosystem starting to gain momentum. But there was a critical lack of homegrown funding.

“It gave the sensation at this time that was a new generation of French founders that were building great companies from France that were having the commitment, technical skills, and ambition to build global-scale companies,” he said. “And there was a mismatch between those people and the investor scene in France.”

There was no need to reinvent the wheel. With the ecosystem so young, the Seed stage seemed to be a logical place to start. So they studied the strategies of U.S. Seed funds and got to work. They particularly admired Benchmark and First Round.

“We felt there was a great possibility to match this type of ambition and to have the right level of aggressiveness, optimism, and the capacity to project companies forward by essentially doing what has been the VC playbook for decades in the U.S.,” he said.

Entremont added: “The playbook we applied was basically to study the best U.S. Seed funds and copy and paste.”

They built a solid track record. Portfolio company PayFit has gone on to raise $101 million. Shippeo has raised $67.9 million. Owkin has raised $72 million.

blank

As they were nearing the end of that fund, they decided it was time to strike out on their own and raise the second fund with outside investors. So in 2019, they spun out and became Frst.

“We realized that our so our insight on the French market was becoming more and more visible to everyone,” Raillard said. “The investments were becoming self-sustaining. So it was time to graduate and become adults and raise our own funds.”

The partners continue to manage the original Otium fund. But they then raised €60 million to launch their second fund. Currently, they are looking to expand that fund size.

For the moment, the LPs for this second fund fall into three categories: public, European money, and French money. So that includes Bbifrance, European institutional funds such as AXA Venture Partners, and then the remaining 20% are entrepreneurs. The latter includes Xavier Niel, the Supercell founders, and a Spotify co-founder.

“They share our belief that the French and the European ecosystems are up and coming and in the coming years will turn out great companies and global scale companies,” Raillard said.

The second fund is still relatively new, and Frst hasn’t disclosed many of its investments yet. But one notable early bet was Pigment, which is reinventing spreadsheets to improve business forecasting. In December, Pigment raised a Series A round of €24.1 million, which included money from London-based Blossom Capital and New York-based FirstMark. At this stage, backing companies that attack notable international investors in later rounds is an important benchmark for Frst’s investment goals.

“Pigment is a great representation of the type of teams we are now seeing more and more in France,” Raillard said. “There is a blend of experienced operators, repeat entrepreneurs, and ambitious people who are unapologetic for being French. They don’t consider that being French prevents them from rubbing shoulders with teams in the U.S. or U.K.”

How Frst Invests

Fundamentally, the mission of Frst’s investment strategy is to support bigger risks by entrepreneurs.

“Historically in France, VCs were very risk-averse because the LPs asked them to be risk-averse,” Entremont said. “The LPs were tax optimized vehicles or public money or corporates. And these types of LPs don’t like risk. All they want you to do is return 1X the money invested. This is why VCs have been cautious.”

Relatively speaking, if Frst invests in 30 companies, it’s betting that 2 or 3 will be winners while the rest will likely die. But under the more conservative model, French VCs might look for 28 companies that do okay, and maybe one that does a little better.

“It changes everything,” Entremont said. “Because you don’t behave the same way when you want to have three mega winners and 25 companies that will return significant money. In France, VCs used to say that having a company worth €100 million is a success and this motto has been intoxicating the system for years. Now in France, there are companies that have the strong potential to be someday worth billions, which wasn’t the case previously.”

Hatching a billion euro company, however, means pursuing bigger ideas at the start and taking bigger risks. So how does Frst find those companies and entrepreneurs?

It starts with a few guidelines. Frst not only wants to be the first investor, but it also wants to be the investor to even talk to the founder.

To spot these startups at the earliest possible moment, Frst has developed an internal methodology. According to Frst, each year in France there are about 3,000 companies started that look like startups. Frst has a process for compiling that list (which they woulnd’t share of course because secret sauce and all that) but that involves tapping public and private info.

Frst partners and staff review every company on that list looking for various characteristics. Much of this revolves around the identity of the founders, including education, previous work experience, and other activities. That doesn’t mean one has to have attended a major university. An unusual career path, and one that includes time working at other interesting companies, can be just as eye-catching. One investment they did recently involved a CEO who seemed intriguing because of his competitive rowing background.

That helps cull the list to 500. Then they call all 500. Initially, they did this because they had no inbound deal flow five years ago. But the process worked. Even now, when someone refers them to a startup, they have likely already been in contact. As for the founders, they are often shocked to get the call.

“They are very surprised because we are the first people to contact them,” Entremont said. “We say, ‘We saw you are starting a company, and can you tell us a bit more about what you are doing?’ And they often say, ‘How did you know I am starting a company? I haven’t told anyone.’ So we have a quick chat of about 20 minutes and it’s enough to identify if it’s useful to do a meeting.”

From there, that smaller subset leads to about 200 meetings, which in turn leads to an average of 10 investments each year. Their average Seed investment is about €1 million. There’s not a single sector that is a particular focus. Rather, they’re just looking for projects that interest them.

“The way we see the French ecosystem, it produces each year between 10 and 15 high-quality teams out of that 3000,” Entremont said. “We basically boil the ocean to identify those 15 teams.”

While Seed funding has improved in France, the Frst founders would like to see more competition for deals. Currently, Series A funding seems solid, but funding for those earliest stage ideas needs more support.

“We think it would be better for the ecosystem to have a few other funds like us,” Entremont said. “Because it’s really fuel for the ecosystem if so many entrepreneurs can try many things with the right amount of money at the right timing in the company’s life. The problem with not having enough funds like us is that it doesn’t drive entrepreneurs to take important risks. When you have a firm like us, you have a portfolio strategy. So the question you ask yourself, is not, ‘Will this company work?’ You ask, ‘Does this company have a 10% chance of becoming huge?’ This portfolio strategy allows you to take risks and to invest in unusual funders and unusual models, and do high-risk, high-reward investing. Right now, there is competition for these deals, but it’s not super intense. We would like it to be more intense.”

you might also like

Fundraising 2 days ago

European impact investing is gaining unprecedented momentum as institutional capital increasingly demands measurable social and environmental returns alongside financial performance. This shift has created fertile ground for specialised funds that can navigate the complex intersection of profit and purpose, particularly as EU regulations like the Sustainable Finance Disclosure Regulation reshape the investment landscape. Rubio Impact Ventures has successfully closed its third fund at €70 million, reinforcing its distinctive approach of tying 100% of investments to measurable impact outcomes. The Madrid-based venture capital firm has established itself as a leading voice in European impact investing, demonstrating that rigorous impact measurement and strong financial returns need not be mutually exclusive. Impact investing fund closure signals sector maturation The successful closure of Rubio’s third fund reflects growing investor appetite for impact-focused strategies across Europe. Unlike traditional ESG approaches that often apply impact considerations as an overlay, Rubio’s methodology embeds impact measurement into every investment decision from day one. This comprehensive approach resonates particularly well with European institutional investors who face increasing regulatory pressure to demonstrate genuine sustainability credentials. The fund’s investor base comprises a mix of family offices, institutional investors, and impact-focused limited partners across Europe, highlighting the broadening appeal of impact investing beyond traditional philanthropic circles. Rubio’s track record of delivering both measurable impact and competitive financial returns has enabled it to attract capital from investors who previously viewed impact investing as requiring financial trade-offs. “Our third fund represents not just capital, but a mandate to prove that impact and returns are complementary forces,” explains the fund’s investment team. “European startups are uniquely positioned to lead global impact innovation, particularly in areas where regulatory frameworks create competitive advantages.” European impact startups attract focused capital Rubio’s investment thesis centres on European startups addressing sustainability challenges through technology-driven solutions. The firm’s portfolio spans sectors including clean technology, circular economy, social impact, and sustainable agriculture—areas where European companies often benefit from supportive regulatory environments and sophisticated consumer demand for sustainable alternatives. The €70 million fund size positions Rubio to lead Series A and B rounds for European impact startups, a critical funding gap in the market. Many impact-focused companies struggle to scale beyond seed funding, as traditional venture capital firms often lack the specialised expertise to evaluate impact metrics alongside financial projections. Rubio’s dedicated approach addresses this market inefficiency directly. The fund’s 100% impact-tied investment approach requires portfolio companies to establish clear, measurable impact objectives that align with UN Sustainable Development Goals. This methodology provides both entrepreneurs and investors with concrete frameworks for tracking progress beyond traditional financial metrics, creating accountability structures that drive genuine impact outcomes. This successful fund closure signals growing maturation within European impact investing, where specialised capital increasingly flows to startups that can demonstrate both scalable business models and measurable positive impact. As European markets continue prioritising sustainability across all sectors, focused impact funds like Rubio’s third vehicle are becoming essential infrastructure for the continent’s transition to a more sustainable economy.

Fundraising 2 days ago

Impact measurement in European business is shifting from optional add-on to strategic necessity. As sustainability regulations tighten across the EU and stakeholder capitalism gains momentum, startups building the infrastructure for measurable impact are attracting serious attention. Contribe exemplifies this trend, having just secured €1.3 million in pre-seed funding to accelerate its impact measurement platform across European markets. The funding round positions Contribe at the intersection of two powerful European movements: the regulatory push for transparent impact reporting and the growing demand from investors for quantifiable sustainability metrics. Pre-seed funding round attracts impact-focused investors While the specific investors in Contribe’s €1.3 million pre-seed round remain undisclosed, the funding reflects a broader European appetite for impact measurement solutions. European VCs are increasingly prioritising startups that can quantify and optimise social and environmental outcomes, particularly as EU regulations like the Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (CSRD) create compliance requirements. The pre-seed timing suggests Contribe is positioning itself ahead of the regulatory curve. With CSRD requirements rolling out progressively through 2026, companies across Europe will need robust impact measurement systems. This regulatory tailwind creates a compelling investment thesis for early-stage funds focused on regulatory technology and sustainability infrastructure. Impact-focused investors are drawn to platforms that can standardise measurement across diverse sectors and geographies – a particular challenge in Europe’s fragmented market landscape. The funding will likely support Contribe’s efforts to build scalable measurement frameworks that work across different European regulatory environments. Impact platform targets European compliance landscape Contribe’s platform addresses a critical gap in European impact measurement infrastructure. While traditional metrics focus on financial returns, Contribe enables organisations to quantify social and environmental outcomes using standardised methodologies. This capability becomes increasingly valuable as European businesses face mounting pressure to demonstrate measurable impact alongside profitability. The platform’s approach aligns with European preferences for collaborative, stakeholder-driven business models rather than purely profit-maximising approaches. By providing transparent measurement tools, Contribe supports the broader European vision of sustainable capitalism that balances multiple bottom lines. The €1.3 million funding will likely focus on product development and market expansion across key European markets. Given the diverse regulatory requirements across EU member states, Contribe must build flexibility into its platform while maintaining standardisation – a complex technical and commercial challenge that could determine its competitive position. European organisations increasingly require impact measurement solutions that integrate with existing business processes rather than operating as standalone systems. This integration challenge represents both an opportunity and a technical hurdle for platforms like Contribe. The pre-seed funding signals confidence in Contribe’s ability to navigate Europe’s complex impact measurement landscape. As regulatory requirements intensify and stakeholder expectations evolve, platforms that can deliver accurate, standardised impact measurement will become essential infrastructure for European business.

Fundraising 2 days ago

The European venture capital landscape is witnessing a fascinating counter-trend. While many funds chase consensus picks and proven business models, a growing number of investors are deliberately seeking the outliers—the companies that don’t fit neat categories or follow traditional playbooks. This contrarian approach has found its latest expression in Amsterdam. henQ, the Dutch venture capital firm, has successfully closed its latest fund at €67.57 million, specifically targeting what they call “the odd ones out”—unconventional startups that other investors might overlook. The fund represents a bold statement in an increasingly homogenised venture landscape, where pattern recognition often trumps genuine innovation. For European founders building something truly different, this couldn’t come at a better time. The continent’s startup ecosystem has matured significantly, but with that maturity has come a certain conservatism amongst investors. henQ’s approach offers a refreshing alternative for entrepreneurs whose ventures don’t tick the usual boxes. Venture fund strategy targets overlooked opportunities henQ’s investment thesis centres on a fundamental belief that the most interesting opportunities often lie where others aren’t looking. The Dutch VC has built its reputation by backing companies that challenge conventional wisdom—startups that might be too early, too niche, or simply too unconventional for traditional funds. The €67.57 million fund positions henQ to make meaningful investments in companies across Europe, with particular focus on early-stage ventures that demonstrate genuine innovation rather than incremental improvements. Unlike many European VCs who increasingly mimic Silicon Valley investment patterns, henQ deliberately charts its own course. “We’re not interested in the obvious deals,” explains the fund’s approach to portfolio construction. “Our sweet spot is finding exceptional founders who are solving problems in ways that others dismiss as too risky or too different. These are often the investments that generate the most significant returns.” The fund’s strategy resonates particularly well within the Dutch tech ecosystem, where pragmatism and innovation have long coexisted. Amsterdam’s startup scene has produced numerous success stories by taking unconventional approaches to traditional problems, from Adyen’s unique payment processing architecture to Booking.com’s contrarian travel booking model. European market positioning and investment focus The timing of henQ’s fund closure reflects broader shifts in European venture capital. As the market has become more competitive, funds are increasingly differentiating themselves through specialized investment theses rather than generalist approaches. henQ’s focus on unconventional startups represents a calculated bet that the next wave of European unicorns will emerge from unexpected directions. The fund’s European focus is particularly strategic given the continent’s regulatory environment. EU frameworks like GDPR and the upcoming AI Act often favour companies that build privacy and compliance into their core architecture from day one—precisely the kind of foundational thinking that characterises henQ’s target investments. With this new fund, henQ can back companies across their growth journey, from pre-seed through Series A stages. The approach allows them to maintain conviction in their portfolio companies even when other investors might hesitate to follow on. This patient capital approach aligns well with European startup timelines, which often require longer development cycles than their US counterparts. The €67.57 million fund signals confidence in Europe’s capacity to generate genuine innovation beyond the well-trodden paths of fintech and SaaS. For European entrepreneurs building something genuinely different, henQ’s contrarian approach offers both capital and validation that unconventional thinking still has a place in venture capital.

Subscribe to
our Newsletter!

Stay at the forefront with our curated guide to the best upcoming Tech events.